In Instrumental Conditioning, What Is the Distinction Between Negative Reinforcement

question 78

Multiple Choice

In instrumental conditioning, what is the distinction between negative reinforcement and punishment?

• A) There is no difference. They are two words for the same thing.
• B) Negative reinforcement can occur when a stimulus is positive, and punishment occurs when a stimulus is painful.
• C) Negative reinforcement occurs when a negative outcome is avoided, while punishment occurs when an action causes a negative outcome.
• D) Negative reinforcement creates a preference for negative results, while punishment teaches people to avoid negative results.