Science Became an Integral Part of Western Culture in the Eighteenth

question 66

Multiple Choice

Science became an integral part of Western culture in the eighteenth century because

• A)people perceived it to be rationally superior to other belief systems.
• B)its mechanistic nature was popular with the lower classes.
• C)the victory of radical political groups throughout Europe encouraged freedom of expression.
• D)it offered a new means to make profits and maintain social order.
• E)it allowed an alternative religious belief system to that of Christianity.

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Definitions:

Latent Functions

The less obvious, perhaps unintended functions of a social structure.

Classical Sociological Thinkers

Refers to early theorists in sociology, including Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Émile Durkheim, whose works laid the foundational concepts and perspectives in the field of sociology.

Marx

Refers to Karl Marx, a 19th-century philosopher, economist, and revolutionary, best known for his theories about capitalism and communism.

Durkheim

A founding figure in sociology, known for his theory of social facts and his studies on the social basis of human behavior, religion, and the division of labor in society.