Late-Mover Advantages (Or First-Mover Disadvantages)are Not Likely to Arise When

question 45

Multiple Choice

Late-mover advantages (or first-mover disadvantages) are not likely to arise when

• A)the costs of pioneering are much higher than being a follower and only negligible learning/experience benefits accrue to the pioneer.
• B)the marketplace is skeptical about the benefits of a new technology or product being pioneered by a first mover.
• C)the pioneer's products are somewhat primitive and are easily bested by late movers.
• D)opportunities exist for a blue-ocean strategy to invent a new industry or distinctive market segment that creates altogether new demand.
• E)technological change is rapid, and fast-following rivals find it easy to leapfrog the pioneer with next-generation products of their own.

Understand the core principals of systems thinking as proposed by Johnson.

Distinguish between homeorhesis and homeostasis within behavioral systems.

Identify and classify disorders within behavioral subsystems.

Appreciate the integrative approach Johnson took in developing her model.

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Definitions:

Psychological Reactance Theory

A theory which proposes that people value thinking and acting freely. Therefore, situations that threaten their freedom arouse discomfort and prompt efforts to restore freedom.

Regulatory Focus Theory

The theory proposing that individuals regulate their behavior via two distinct systems: promotion focus (pursuit of goals and aspirations) and prevention focus (avoidance of negative outcomes).

Elaboration Likelihood Model

A theory in social psychology that explains the different ways people process persuasive messages, either through careful thought and evaluation or more automatic responses.

Promotion Focus

A general tendency to think and act in ways oriented toward the approach of positive outcomes.