What Is the Difference Between Data and Information

question 78

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between data and information?

• A) Data represents a fact. Information is data that has been organized.
• B) They are essentially the same thing.
• C) Data is numbers. Information is words.
• D) Data represents a process. Information is the stored data.

Recognize the importance of environmental factors and community infrastructure in disease prevention.

Understand the historical development of public health initiatives and their impact on community health.

Analyze the role of government and non-governmental organizations in the advancement of public health.

Identify key figures and their contributions to public health and nursing.

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Definitions:

Locus of Control

A psychological concept referring to an individual’s belief about the extent to which outcomes of their actions are under their own control versus external forces.

Self-Management

A term that generally refers to the range of activities, both overt and covert, in which students may engage that increase or decrease the probability of appropriate behaviors occurring. Self-management is a more encompassing term than self-control in that it avoids the designation of locus of control. It encompasses techniques considered to be both internal (i.e., self-control) and external (i.e., environmental).

Self-Control

A hypothetical construct referring to "will power" that involves two responses: (1) the target response to be controlled (e.g., eating, completing math problems, or throwing temper tantrums) and (2) the response emitted in order to control the rate of the target behavior (e.g., recording everything eaten, the number of math problems completed correctly, or the number of temper tantrums thrown during the day). Self-control is assumed to reflect an internal process that occurs without the presence of immediate and obvious external contingencies.

Reactivity

A phenomenon that results from the act of self-monitoring. Reactivity is said to occur when a behavior being monitored changes as a result of observing and recording it. Also known as the reactive effect.