What Once Was an Open Pasture on a Long Abandoned

question 4

Multiple Choice

What once was an open pasture on a long abandoned farm has changed over time,without the direct influence of humans.After the cattle had been removed,shrubs and bushes could be seen dotting the grass-covered hillsides.A few years later,small pine trees and then larger deciduous trees appeared.Now,there are so many trees and shaded regions it is difficult to tell that this was once a field.
-In this wooded region that was once pasture,a mature forest of towering oaks and hickory trees has taken over.However,change is still apparent,as a large patch of young shrubs and small trees are growing where several large trees were toppled by a storm several years ago.Collectively,this wooded region represents

• A)a climax ecosystem.
• B)primary succession.
• C)a sustained biome.
• D)intermediate succession.

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Definitions:

Language Disturbance

Disorders affecting the comprehension and use of language, including difficulties in speaking, reading, writing, and understanding spoken or written language.

Social Referencing

The process by which individuals look to others in their environment for cues on how to react or behave in certain situations.

Caregivers' Facial Expressions

Non-verbal cues provided by caregivers that can influence a child's emotional and behavioral development.

Disturbing Event

An occurrence or incident that causes emotional distress, fear, or trauma to an individual.