Which Statement Does NOT Describe the Medullary Vertical Osmotic Gradient

question 73

Multiple Choice

Which statement does NOT describe the medullary vertical osmotic gradient

• A)The loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons establish a medullary vertical osmotic gradient by means of countercurrent multiplication.
• B)The vasa recta enable the medulla to be supplied with blood while conserving the medullary vertical osmotic gradient by means of countercurrent exchange.
• C)The countercurrent system establishes and maintains a medullary vertical osmotic gradient ranging from 300 to 1200 mOsm/litre.
• D)The collecting tubules of the juxtamedullary nephrons but not the cortical nephrons descend through the medullary vertical osmotic gradient before emptying into the renal pelvis.

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Definitions:

Appetite-Suppressing

Referring to substances or actions that decrease hunger and reduce the desire to eat.

Neurotransmitter

Chemical messengers that are released by neurons to communicate with other neurons or cells, influencing functions throughout the body and brain.

Appetite

The natural desire to satisfy a bodily need, especially for food or drink.

Metabolic Rate

The rate at which the body uses energy to maintain basic physiological functions while at rest.