Which of These Factors Does NOT Contribute to the Establishment

question 116

Multiple Choice

Which of these factors does NOT contribute to the establishment of a vertical osmotic gradient in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla

• A)the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
• B)countercurrent multiplication in the long loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons
• C)urea recycling between the late portion of the collecting tubule and the long loops of Henle
• D)active transportation of sodium out of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle

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