Which of the Following Is an Example of a Fixed

question 38

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a fixed ratio schedule of partial reinforcement?

• A)In hopes of winning a big jackpot,Penny plays the slot machines at a nearby casino.
• B)Sam earns extra money by driving a shuttle bus from the airport to the hotel.He is paid $20 per trip,but Uber drivers and taxis sometimes pick up all the passengers going to the same hotel and Sam has to wait for the next flight to arrive.
• C)Hoping to catch a message from her boyfriend,Wendy checks her e-mail again and again throughout the day.
• D)Jaime has a paper due once a month in his sociology course.His productivity is low at the beginning of the month and high as the deadline approaches.

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Definitions:

Shaping

A method used in behavioral psychology to gradually train a new behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior.

Successive Approximations

A technique in behaviorism where behaviors are broken down into small tasks and each one is mastered in turn leading towards a target behavior.

Desired Response

The expected or targeted reaction or outcome from a given stimulus or action.

Discriminative Stimulus

A stimulus in the presence of which a particular behavior is reinforced, helping the individual to distinguish when certain behaviors are likely to be rewarded.