CASE HISTORY In the Fall of 2008,several Individuals,many of Them Children,were Sickened

question 10

Multiple Choice

CASE HISTORY
In the fall of 2008,several individuals,many of them children,were sickened from the common food pathogen Salmonella enterica.Most infected individuals developed diarrhea,fever,and abdominal cramps 12-72 hours after infection,and symptoms lasted 4-7 days.Over the next six months,cases were reported from nearly all U.S.states,ultimately totaling 700 people.The curve of the outbreak (cases rising and then falling) followed the profile of a single-source epidemic,in which all infections are ultimately traced to one source.All cases of illness showed a common strain of the pathogen S.enterica serovar typhimurium.CDC researchers investigated the outbreak by comparing the food intake histories of ill persons with that of matched controls.They found a statistical association between illness and intake of peanut butter,eventually narrowed to a specific brand of peanut butter sold to institutions.As the epidemic grew,cases emerged in which the contaminated food product turned out to be crackers filled with peanut butter cream.Ultimately,the peanut butter and cream were traced back to peanuts from a single factory in Georgia.
Which best describes this outbreak of foodborne illness?

• A) It is an example of food spoilage.
• B) It is an example of a point-source epidemic.
• C) The origin of the outbreak is contamination of the peanut butter by a plant pathogen.
• D) If carefully examined, the peanut butter would have been noticeably "off " in taste, smell, texture, or other observable characteristics.

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Definitions:

Freud

Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the development of psychosexual stages.

Social Learning Theorists

Social learning theorists propose that people learn behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions through observing others and the consequences of their actions, rather than through direct personal experience alone.

Self-disclose

The act of revealing personal information, thoughts, and feelings to others, which can deepen relationships and foster trust.

Empathically

In a manner that shows an understanding of and sensitivity to another's feelings or experiences, often by putting oneself in another's place.