Which of the Following Was Not Given by the U

question 21

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was not given by the U.S. Supreme Court in Kennedy v. Mendoza-Martinez as a consideration as to whether a law is or is not criminal?

• A)Whether the penalty imposed has been viewed as criminal in the past
• B)Whether the population considers the action as deserving of criminal punishment
• C)Whether the penalty involves a significant restraint on individual freedom
• D)Whether the penalty is imposed due to an individual's intentional wrongdoing

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Definitions:

Line-item Budgets

Budgets that list individual sources of income and expenses, providing a detailed financial overview for monitoring and planning.

Flexible Budgeting

An approach in budgeting that allows for adjusting budget allocations based on varying levels of activity or output.

Unfavorable Variance

A situation where actual costs exceed the standard or budgeted costs, often indicating inefficiencies or increased expenses.

Favorable Variance

A financial term indicating that actual costs were lower or revenues were higher than planned.