The Student Asks the Professor to Explain the Role of Pyrophosphate

question 25

Multiple Choice

The student asks the professor to explain the role of pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and magnesium in the formation of kidney stones. What response by the professor is best?

• A)They inhibit crystal growth.
• B)They stimulate the supersaturation of salt.
• C)They facilitate the precipitation of salts.
• D)They enhance crystallization of salt crystals.

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Definitions:

Heat-Shock Genes

Genes that are activated in response to elevated temperatures and other stresses to help protect cells by producing heat-shock proteins.

Molecular Chaperones

Proteins that assist the conformational folding or unfolding and the assembly or disassembly of other macromolecular structures, without being part of these structures when they perform their biological functions.

Housekeeping Genes

These are genes that are constantly active in the cell to maintain basic functions and cellular metabolism.

Feedback Inhibition

A process where the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway, regulating its own production.