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In Stage One of the McMullen-Shepherd Model:
Variable-Ratio Schedule
A reinforcement schedule in which a response is rewarded after an unpredictable number of responses, making the reward random.
Fixed-Ratio
A type of reinforcement schedule in operant conditioning where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses have occurred.
Discriminative Stimulus
In behavioral psychology, a stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement or punishment, guiding the organism's responses.
Reinforcer
Something that increases the likelihood of a behaviour by either presenting a positive stimulus or removing a negative one following the behaviour.
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