Human Beings Generally Have an Aversion to Bitter and Sour

question 129

Multiple Choice

Human beings generally have an aversion to bitter and sour foods. Some researchers suggest that this is because foods that are inedible or even poisonous are often bitter or sour. The tendency of human beings to find these potentially harmful foods repulsive is an example of (a)

• A) classical conditioning.
• B) vicarious conditioning.
• C) conditioned emotional response.
• D) biological predisposition.
• E) instinctive drift.

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Definitions:

Habituation

The psychological process where there is a decrease in response to a stimulus after being repeatedly exposed to it, signifying a form of learning or adaptation.

Sensitization

A process by which a person becomes increasingly responsive or sensitive to a stimulus after repeated exposure to it.

Higher-order Conditioning

A form of learning in which a stimulus is first made meaningful or significant through classical conditioning and then that stimulus is used as a base for learning about additional stimuli.

Sensitization

An increased reaction to a stimulus following repeated exposure to it, often leading to heightened responsiveness to other stimuli.