Negative Reinforcement Involves

question 36

Multiple Choice

Negative reinforcement involves

• A) the learning of a new response.
• B) the removal of an aversive stimulus.
• C) decreasing the likelihood of certain future behaviors.
• D) providing an unpleasant stimulus periodically during the day.
• E) pairing an old reflex with a new stimulus.

Understand the concept of a molecular clock and its application in estimating divergence times and phylogenetic relationships.

Recognize the evidence and outcomes of convergent evolution in phylogenetic studies.

Analyze the impact of environmental conditions on the evolution of specific traits in species.

Elucidate the role of the fossil record in calibrating the molecular clock and understanding the timeline of evolution.

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