Many Political Observers Have Identified a Strong "Incumbency Advantage" and a "Sophomore

question 33

Essay

Many political observers have identified a strong "incumbency advantage" and a "sophomore surge" in congressional elections.Describe what these terms mean and explain the reasons behind them.In particular,discuss some of the ways members of Congress can provide patronage to their districts and the role that redistricting plays in congressional elections.

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Definitions:

Problem Recognition

The initial step in the consumer decision process that occurs when an individual perceives a difference between the current state and a desired state.

Consumer Purchase Decision

The consumer purchase decision refers to the process and factors influencing a buyer's choice of a product or service, including need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase, and post-purchase evaluation.

Tune-Up

A maintenance process for vehicles that involves adjusting the engine and other parts to ensure optimal performance and efficiency.

Information Search

The phase in the buying process where consumers actively look for information about products or services to fulfill a need or solve a problem.