What Is the Most Likely Cause of the Drop in Self-Esteem

question 78

Multiple Choice

What is the most likely cause of the drop in self-esteem that often occurs when children first enter middle school?

• A) the acquisition of concrete operational thinking
• B) peer comparisons
• C) changes in self-absorption among children
• D) the illusion of invulnerability

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Definitions:

Vicarious Learning

The process of learning behaviors or forming attitudes based on observing the actions of others and the consequences of those actions.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that pairs a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

Skinner Box

A laboratory apparatus used to study animal behavior through controlled conditioning experiments, named after B.F. Skinner.

Operant Conditioning

A type of learning where behavior is controlled through consequences, including reinforcements or punishments, to increase or decrease the occurrence of behaviors.