A Decision of the U

question 12

Multiple Choice

A decision of the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit about a constitutional issue is binding on:

• A)only U.S.District Courts in the Second Circuit.
• B)state and federal trial courts in the Second Circuit.
• C)U.S.District Courts in all circuits.
• D)state and federal trial courts in the entire United States.

---

Definitions:

Unconditioned Response

An unconditioned response is an automatic, natural reaction to a stimulus that occurs without prior learning or conditioning.

Conditioned Response

A learned reaction to a previously neutral stimulus, which has become associated with an unconditioned stimulus through classical conditioning.

Unconditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any need for learning.

Conditioned Stimulus

A neutral stimulus that, after it's combined with an unconditioned stimulus, results in triggering a conditioned response over time.