Positive Reinforcement in Operant Conditioning Is a Learning Process in Which

question 86

Multiple Choice

Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning is a learning process in which

• A)the frequency of a behavior increases because it is followed by a desirable stimulus.
• B)a behavior is followed by the removal of something undesirable.
• C)the frequency of a behavior decreases because it is paired repeatedly with an undesirable stimulus.
• D)a behavior is always followed by an unpleasant consequence.

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Definitions:

Confederates

Individuals who act as part of a study's procedure but are secretly working with the researchers, often used in psychological experiments to manipulate social situations.

Staged Manipulation

The deliberate modification or control of variables in an experiment to investigate their effects on other variables.

Extraneous Variables

Outside factors that could influence the outcome of an experiment, potentially confounding the results.

Physiological State

The condition or state of the body or bodily functions at a particular time, including aspects like heart rate, hormone levels, or neural activity.