Which of the Following Is True of Debates About Cyberwarfare

question 41

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true of debates about cyberwarfare and jus in bello?

• A) Some theorists argue that cyberattacks inevitably violate the principle of noncombatant immunity because they have strong psychological effects.
• B) Theorists agree that cyberattacks are attacks that best conform to just war theory because the proportionality of their effects can be easily controlled.
• C) Theorists agree that cyberattacks trigger the right of self-defense using conventional weapons.
• D) Theorists agree that using cyberattacks can lessen noncombatant casualties in war.

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Definitions:

Fixed Costs

Regular expenses that an entity incurs, which are not affected by changes in business activity levels, such as lease payments and insurance premiums, essential for financial planning.

Machine Setup Costs

Expenses incurred to prepare machinery for production, including calibration, cleaning, and testing.

Batch Level

Refers to the classification in cost accounting that associates costs with specific batches of goods or services rather than with individual units or processes.

Unit-level Costs

Costs that are incurred for every unit produced, directly proportional to the production volume.