Which of the Following Shows Accurate Use of the Doctrine

question 41

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows accurate use of the doctrine of promissory (equitable) estoppel?

• A) George told Hans that he would give him his printer. If he doesn't, Hans could use the doctrine to force him to do so.
• B) George wants to force Elaine to honour her promise to pay him $2. After he paid for a video they watched, she was so moved by the movie she said she would pay half the cost.
• C) This doctrine can be used by a plaintiff to endorse a written promise signed and sealed (i.e., a seal has been affixed next to the signature of the promisor).
• D) Lee, a defendant, can use this doctrine as a defence against a plaintiff insisting on his full legal right when he had promised to forgive Lee some of Lee's legal obligation and Lee relied on that promise.
• E) If Lam requests services from Jones and there is no mention of price, if Lam doesn't pay Jones, this doctrine can be used to force Lam to pay a reasonable amount.

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Definitions:

Apparent Authority

A situation where someone appears to have the power to act on behalf of another (such as an employer), even if they do not have actual authority.

Ratify

To formally approve or confirm an agreement or act, making it officially valid.

Breach

The failure to perform obligations as stipulated in a contract, leading to potential legal consequences.

Liability

The state of being legally responsible for something, especially in terms of debts or legal obligations.