Elected Officials Are Challenged in Maintaining Control Over the Bureaucracy

question 13

Multiple Choice

Elected officials are challenged in maintaining control over the bureaucracy due to

• A) the officials' lack of expertise relative to the bureaucrats.
• B) the conflict that arises between the president and Congress in trying to control the bureaucracy.
• C) the emphasis on neutral competence among civil servants.
• D) the weak tools for controlling the bureaucracy that are available to Congress and the president.

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Definitions:

Individualistic Cultures

Societies that emphasize personal achievements and rights, valuing individual over the group.

Minimal Intergroup Situation

A theoretical situation used in social psychology to study the minimal conditions required for discrimination to occur between groups.

Social Identities

Refers to how individuals identify themselves in relation to groups, such as national, cultural, or religious affiliations.

Stereotype Threat

The risk of confirming negative stereotypes about one's social group, which can impair performance in affected individuals.