Molecular Screening Is Now Being Used to Detect Individuals with Early

question 11

Multiple Choice

Molecular screening is now being used to detect individuals with early stages of TB because:

• A) skin testing is unreliable and needs refrigeration that many countries may not have
• B) vaccination with Bacille Calmette-Guérin does not protect against multidrug resistance
• C) many countries do not have disposable needles for skin testing
• D) it can detect infection earlier than chest X-ray and sputum sampling
• E) it can be used more safely on children with the disease

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Definitions:

Conditional Probabilities

The probability of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred, reflecting the dependence between events.

Joint Probabilities

The probability that multiple events will occur simultaneously.

Posterior Probabilities

Probabilities that are updated on the basis of new evidence, incorporating the likelihood of observed data under given hypotheses.

Likelihood Probabilities

The probabilities that express the plausibility of different parameter values for a statistical model given the observed data.