If the Reaction Quotient,Q,is Higher Than the Equilibrium Constant,K_eq,the Reaction

question 15

Multiple Choice

If the reaction quotient,Q,is higher than the equilibrium constant,K_eq,the reaction will

• A)continue both forward and reverse reactions to keep the ratio of reactants and products the same.
• B)continue the forward reaction to convert reactants into products.
• C)continue the reverse reaction to convert products into reactants.
• D)halt all reactions.

Understand the concept of learning through behaviour modification and the role of environmental stimuli.

Describe the theoretical basis and scientific approach of behaviourism.

Recognize the methodological implications of studying observable behaviour versus internal states in psychological research.

Understand the significance of animal research in psychological studies and its ethical considerations.

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Definitions:

FR 40 Schedule

A type of fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning where a response is reinforced only after a specific number of responses have been made, in this case, every 40th response.

Operant Chamber

A laboratory apparatus used to study animal behavior in operant conditioning, allowing systematic presentation of stimuli and recording of responses; also known as a Skinner box.

Delayed Reinforcer

A reinforcement given some time after the desired behavior, which can still effectively strengthen the behavior despite the delay.

Immediate Reinforcer

A reward or consequence that immediately follows a behavior, increasing the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.