Examlex
An investigation by Elkins et al. (2006) found that 17-year-olds who had low levels of traits related to two of the Big Five personality factors were at higher risk for having or developing problems with substance use.Which personality factors were these?
Experimental Studies
Research methodologies that involve the manipulation of variables to observe the effect on another variable, typically within a controlled environment.
Causality
The relationship between cause and effect where one event (the cause) leads to the outcome (the effect), fundamental to scientific and philosophical inquiry.
Longitudinal Research
A research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables, such as people or situations, over a period of time, ranging from several years to decades.
Observing
The act of carefully watching someone or something, often to gain information.
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