How Does Cloward and Ohlin's Differential Opportunity Theory Compare to Merton's

question 45

Multiple Choice

How does Cloward and Ohlin's differential opportunity theory compare to Merton's strain theory?

• A)strain theory proposes that there are structural differences in access to legitimate opportunities, but differential opportunity theory disagrees
• B)strain theory proposes that there are structural differences in access to legitimate opportunities, and differential opportunity theory agrees
• C)strain theory proposes that there are structural differences in access to illegitimate opportunities, but differential opportunity theory disagrees
• D)strain theory proposes that there are structural differences in access to illegitimate opportunities, and differential opportunity theory agrees
• E)differential opportunity theory proposes that there are structural differences in access to legitimate opportunities, but strain theory disagrees

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Definitions:

Leading Versus Doing

The distinction between guiding, directing, and motivating others to achieve a goal (leading) versus personally executing tasks and activities (doing).

Expectancy Theory

A psychological theory stating that an individual's motivation to engage in an activity is influenced by the expected outcome and the value of that outcome to the individual.

Expectancy

In psychology, a theory that explains the motivation behind choices, suggesting that people are motivated to act in a certain way because they expect their actions will lead to their desired goal.

Instrumentality

In expectancy theory, the belief that a certain level of performance will lead to a specific outcome or reward.