In Understanding the Problems with Attempts at Human Racial Classification

question 47

Multiple Choice

In understanding the problems with attempts at human racial classification, why is it important to understand the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• A) Phenotypic traits typically used to classify humans into races go together as genetic units.
• B) Phenotypic similarities and differences always have a genetic basis.
• C) Attempts at human racial classification have typically used genotypic traits like blood type as markers of common ancestry, and these traits pass on from generation to generation in discrete bundles.
• D) Although phenotypic characteristics may change, the genetic material of populations stays the same for a long time.
• E) Attempts at human racial classification have typically used phenotypic traits like skin color as markers of common ancestry, but many such traits do not reflect shared genetic material. Instead, they are often the result of different populations biologically adapting to similar environmental stressors in similar ways.

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Definitions:

Multifactor Model

A financial model that evaluates securities by considering multiple economic and financial factors to explain market phenomena and/or rates of return.

Expected Return

The mean value of the probability distribution of possible returns from an investment or portfolio.

Expected Return-Beta Relationship

A concept in finance that describes the relationship between the risk of an investment and its expected return, based on the beta coefficient.

APT

The Arbitrage Pricing Theory, a model that determines the required return on an asset by considering various macroeconomic factors.