The Foundations of the State-A Social and Political Unit Featuring

question 27

Multiple Choice

The foundations of the state-a social and political unit featuring a central government, extreme contrasts of wealth, and social classes-emerged

• A) in the alluvial desert plain of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where a new economy based on irrigation and trade fueled the growth of this entirely new form of society.
• B) out of an attempt to copy, on a larger scale, the lifestyle that early sedentism offered its members prior to the sudden population growth caused by food production.
• C) in the hilly flanks, because that was the area that could best sustain a growing population.
• D) at the intersection between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where the abundance of water helped keep a complex irrigation system working.
• E) against the will of the people, who correctly foresaw the many ills that this new form of society would bring upon them.

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Definitions:

Pepsinogen

An inactive precursor of pepsin, secreted by the stomach lining; it is converted to pepsin in the presence of stomach acid to digest proteins.

Bile

A digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, important for the breakdown and absorption of fats.

Trypsin

A pancreatic enzyme that digests polypeptides to short peptides.

Chymotrypsin

A digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins in the small intestine into smaller peptides.