The Major Determinant of the Resting Potential of All Cells

question 171

Multiple Choice

The major determinant of the resting potential of all cells is

• A) Ca²⁺ concentration in the blood and interstitial fluid.
• B) Na⁺ concentration in the blood and interstitial fluid.
• C) K⁺ gradient between the blood and interstitial fluid.
• D) K⁺ concentration inside cells.
• E) Na⁺ concentration inside cells.

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Definitions:

Macromolecules

Large molecules necessary for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, with complex structures and vital roles in biological processes.

Phosphate

A chemical compound that contains the phosphate ion (PO4^3-), which is essential in biological systems for energy transfer and storage.

Intracellular Buffer System

Mechanisms within cells that regulate pH levels, preventing significant variations that could otherwise interfere with cellular function.

Sodium-Potassium Pump

A cellular mechanism that moves sodium ions out of and potassium ions into a cell against their concentration gradients, essential for cellular functions.