We Have Finally Discovered Life on Venus

question 191

Essay

We have finally discovered life on Venus.NASA scientists are investigating a newly discovered life form: a single-celled organism found in the swampy canals.You have been contracted by NASA to perform an electrophysiology study.Using intracellular electrodes to measure the electrical charge inside the cell,you find it has a resting membrane potential of -45 mV when the outside fluid is arbitrarily set to 0 mV.Additionally,you have determined ion concentrations and listed them below.
For fun,you have used new molecular biology techniques to insert protein channels into the cell membrane that allow only Na⁺ and Cl^- to pass.Predict which ion(s)will move.Tell what direction it (they)will move and what force(s)is/are acting on it (them).

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Definitions:

Efficiency

The extent to which time or effort is well used for the intended task or purpose, often with the minimum amount of waste, expense, or unnecessary effort.

Equality

An existence of equality, notably in areas of status, rights, and opportunities.

Opportunity Cost

The cost of foregoing the next best alternative when making a decision or choice.

Ticket Price

The cost charged for admission to an event or access to a service.