Draw Graphs Showing the Effect on Action Potentials in a Cell

question 83

Essay

Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of each of the listed neurotoxins.Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by an electrical stimulus applied to it, so that any abnormality is due to the toxin.Precise values for voltage and duration are not important, just a general trend in how the action potential may be different from normal.
1.puffer fish poison (blocks voltage-gated sodium channel activation)
2.tetraethylammonium (blocks voltage-gated potassium channels)
3.ouabain (blocks sodium-potassium pumps)
4.sea anemone toxin (blocks voltage-gated sodium channel inactivation)

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Definitions:

Bootstrap Intervals

A technique in statistics to estimate the sampling distribution of an estimator by resampling with replacement from the original data, used to approximate confidence intervals.

Mean Income

The average amount of money earned by individuals or households in a specified region or demographic segment.

Resamples

In statistics, creating new samples from an observed dataset, often to perform bootstrap or permutation tests.

BCa Confidence Intervals

A type of confidence interval used in statistics that adjusts for both bias and skewness in bootstrapping, providing a more accurate interval estimate.