Some Studies Report No Adverse Effects of Caffeine on the Developing

question 69

Multiple Choice

Some studies report no adverse effects of caffeine on the developing fetus. Other studies have found that those who consume large amounts of caffeine are more likely than non-users to

• A) also smoke during pregnancy.
• B) have low-birth-weight infants or miscarriages.
• C) have infants with higher rates of mental retardation.
• D) eat poor diets during pregnancy.

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Definitions:

Morphological Transition

A process involving a significant change in the structure or form of an organism or part of an organism usually due to genetic mutation or environmental pressures.

Anagenesis

Refers to wholesale transformation of a lineage from one form to another. In macroevolutionary studies, anagenesis is considered to be an alternative to lineage splitting or speciation.

Lineage

Lineage refers to a chain of ancestors and their descendants. A lineage may be the successive generations of organisms in a single population, the members of an entire species during an interval of geological time, or a group of related species descending from a common ancestor.

Evolutionary Faunas

Groups of animals that share a similar ecological role and have a continuous evolutionary history across geological times.