Suppose That IBM Considers Expanding Its Operations

question 6

Essay

Suppose that IBM considers expanding its operations.The expansion will require $400 million for two new factories which the corporation plans to raise by selling stock and bonds.Which of the core principles will come into play as investors decide whether or not to buy the stock and the bonds?
The five core principles are: #1) Time has value; #2) Risk requires compensation; #3) Information is the basis for decisions; #4) Markets determine prices and allocate resources; #5) Stability improves welfare.Investors considering buying IBM's stock and bonds would surely have principle #2 in mind; they would assess the risk involved in IBM's expansion and want to be compensated for it.This would clearly involve information (principle #3).Principle #1 would come into play with the bonds; are they 1-year bonds? 5-year bonds? The longer the time period involved, everything else constant, the greater the return investors would require.Principles #4 and #5 are not totally irrelevant here, as investors will rely on markets to price the stocks and bonds and will judge IBM's expansion based on the outlook for the economy as a whole (stability).

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Definitions:

Cost Of Goods Sold

The direct costs tied to the production of products sold by a company, including materials and labor.

Merchandise Inventory

Merchandise Inventory includes goods that are purchased and held for resale by a retail or wholesale business, representing one of the primary sources of revenue.

FIFO

An inventory valuation method where the first items purchased or produced are the first ones sold, impacting the cost of goods sold and inventory valuation.

LIFO

Last In, First Out, an inventory valuation method where the most recently produced or acquired items are the first to be expensed.