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If pepperoni pizzas sell for $10 in Berkeley, California, and £10 in London, England, and the exchange rate is $1.35 = £1,
Genetic Dispositions
Inherited tendencies or vulnerabilities to exhibit traits or behaviors, including susceptibility to diseases.
Positive Reinforcement
A technique used in behavior modification that involves rewarding a desired behavior in order to increase the likelihood of its recurrence.
Negative Reinforcement
A behavioral principle where the removal of an unfavorable event or outcome after the display of a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future.
Latent Learning
Learning that occurs without any obvious reinforcement or immediate demonstration of the learned behavior.
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