Influenza Viruses a and B Contain Eight RNA Strands and Influenza

question 51

Multiple Choice

Influenza viruses A and B contain eight RNA strands and influenza virus C has seven strands.During antigenic drift,genes coding for glycoproteins recognized by the host immune system are mutated,whereas during antigenic shift,whole RNA strands can be swapped with those of another influenza virus,greatly increasing the virulence and transmissibility of the virus and minimizing the ability of the host's defenses to recognize it.Which of the following statements is true?

• A) Genetic drift creates a need for an annual flu vaccine to keep up with the seasonal genetic changes,and if Genetic shift occurs,an additional vaccine will have to be administered since the shift creates a different strainof virus.
• B)Genetic drift creates a need for an annual flu vaccine to keep up with the seasonal genetic changes,and if a Genetic shift occurs,the same vaccine will be effective against both strains.
• C) If a novel strain resulting from antigenic shift appears, it is not necessary to get vaccinated because these strains are typically less pathogenic than seasonal strains.
• D) The worst influenza pandemics throughout history have occurred as a result of genetic drift rather than genetic shift.

Understand the implications of combining certain substances with alcohol and the risks associated.

Discern the scope and function of drug testing in SUD treatment and its relevance in clinical settings.

Recognize the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in managing patients with SUD.

Understand the challenges faced in interviewing and assessing patients with SUD, including specific populations such as older adults.

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Definitions:

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The preliminary phase of trying or testing new ideas, processes, or products to assess their feasibility or effectiveness.

Idea Creation

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Environmental Hazards

Potential sources of danger to the environment and human health, including pollutants, chemicals, and natural events that pose risks.

Product Innovation

The creation of new products or significant improvements to existing products, often to meet new needs or market demands.