All Externalities

question 67

Multiple Choice

All externalities:

• A) are harmful to society and create costs external to the decision maker.
• B) are beneficial to society and create benefits external to the decision maker.
• C) create either a cost or benefit to a person other than the person who caused it.
• D) are addressed by the government through taxation.

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Definitions:

Contingency Management

A behavior change strategy often used in therapy to reinforce positive behaviors and reduce undesirable ones through rewards or consequences.

Counterconditioning

A therapy technique used to replace an unwanted behavior or response with a desired one by associating the behavior with a new, more positive stimulus.

Cognitive Therapy

A form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the importance of changing maladaptive thinking patterns in order to change feelings and behaviors.

Beck

Aaron Beck, a psychiatrist known for developing Cognitive Therapy (CT), which later evolved into Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), focusing on identifying and changing negative thought patterns.