Why Did the U

question 34

Essay

Why did the U.S.Court of Appeals for the 9^th Circuit find it necessary to partially overrule DeSantis v.Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co.,in Nichols v.Azteca Restaurant Enterprises,Inc.?

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Definitions:

Selective Listening

The process where an individual consciously or subconsciously chooses to pay attention only to certain messages or parts of a conversation while ignoring others.

Cognitive Dissonance

The psychological discomfort experienced when holding two or more conflicting cognitions (ideas, beliefs, values, emotional reactions).

Horizontal Messages

Communication that occurs between colleagues or departments at the same level within an organization, facilitating coordination and collaboration.

Chain of Command

Describes a system of authority in an organization where orders are passed from senior-level to junior-level individuals.