Consider the Cladogram Associated with the Question

question 16

Multiple Choice

Consider the cladogram associated with the question.Which pair of species shares the greatest number of derived characters (synapomorphies) ?

• A)1 and 4
• B)3 and 4
• C)4 and 5
• D)2 and 4
• E)2 and 5

Assess the long-term effects of media violence on behavior.

Grasp the basic steps and strategies involved in designing and implementing behavior modification programs.

Understand the basic concepts of classical conditioning, including unconditioned stimulus, conditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, and conditioned response.

Identify examples of classical conditioning in everyday situations.

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Definitions:

Halo Effect

A cognitive bias where the perception of one positive trait leads to the assumption of other positive traits in an individual.

Upward Counterfactual

Thinking about how a situation could have turned out better, often leading to feelings of regret.

Magical Thinking

Believing that one’s thoughts, wishes, or desires can influence the physical world or that events are connected in ways that defy scientific principles.

Counterfactual

Thinking that involves imagining alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened, but did not.