The Table Shows the Distribution of Traits (A-E)in Six Extant

question 31

Multiple Choice

The table shows the distribution of traits (A-E) in six extant species (1-6) .A "0" indicates the ancestral condition;a "1" is the derived condition.Construct a cladogram from these data.Based on this cladogram,which species could be considered the outgroup?

• A)1
• B)2
• C)3
• D)4
• E)5

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Definitions:

Structuralism

An approach in psychology that seeks to understand the structure of the mind by analyzing the most basic components of thoughts and sensations.

Behaviourism

A theory of learning which states that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, and it focuses on observable behaviors over internal events like thinking.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach and theory of psychopathology founded by Sigmund Freud, focusing on unconscious processes, early childhood experiences, and the exploration of dreams and fantasies.

Carl Rogers

A psychologist who founded humanistic psychology and developed theories of the self, client-centered therapy, and conditions for personal growth.