Scenario 20-3 Suppose That a Society Is Made Up of Five Families

question 436

Multiple Choice

Scenario 20-3
Suppose that a society is made up of five families whose incomes are as follows:
$120,000; $90,000; $30,000; $30,000; and $18,000.
The federal government is considering two potential income tax plans:
Plan A is a negative income tax plan where the taxes owed equal 1/3 of income minus $20,000.
Plan B is a two-tiered plan where families earning less than $35,000 pay no income tax and families earning more than $35,000 pay 10% of their income in taxes. The income tax revenue collected from those families earning over $35,000 is then redistributed equally to those families earning less than $35,000.
-Refer to Scenario 20-3. Assuming that utility is directly proportional to the cash value of after-tax income, which government policy would an advocate of utilitarianism prefer?

• A)Plan A
• B)Plan B
• C)either Plan A or Plan B
• D)neither Plan A nor Plan B because any plan that forcibly redistributes income is against the philosophy

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Definitions:

Sample Size

The number of observations or elements drawn from a larger population for the purpose of statistical analysis.

Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default assumption in statistical hypothesis testing.

Correlation Coefficient

A statistical index ranging from -1 to 1 that measures the degree of association between two variables.

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Characters used in mathematics, science, and engineering that originate from the Greek alphabet, often representing constants, variables, and parameters.