What Is NOT a Reason That the Kidneys Are Particularly

question 4

Multiple Choice

What is NOT a reason that the kidneys are particularly prone to damage caused by immune complexes?

• A)Kidney blood vessel wall cells have receptors for antibodies on them,which makes them soak up antibodies (or in this case,immune complexes)from the bloodstream.This blocks the kidneys up and causes them to malfunction and become damaged.
• B)Blood is pushed through the kidneys at a very high pressure-any blockage of the vessels (such as what might be caused by immune complex deposits)can lead to ruptures/inflammation and damage.
• C)While blood vessel walls do NOT have receptors for antibodies,large immune complexes forced through small diameter vessels can become embedded within them.This can trigger complement system inflammation and cell destruction.
• D)Trapped immune complexes that initiate inflammation can attract neutrophils.The neutrophils degranulate in the area of the immune complexes,leading to cell/tissue destruction.

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Definitions:

Expectancy Theory

A motivational theory suggesting that individuals are motivated to act in certain ways based on the expectation that their actions will lead to desired outcomes.

Instrumentality

Is a person’s belief that various outcomes will occur as a result of task performance.

Organisational Behaviour Modification

A systematic approach to changing behavior in an organization through the application of learning theories to improve performance and satisfaction among employees.

Operant Conditioning

Is the control of behaviour by manipulating its consequences.