The Ohio State Studies Argued That Initiating Structure and Consideration

question 23

Multiple Choice

The Ohio State studies argued that initiating structure and consideration are ________, while the University of Michigan studies proposed them to be

• A) independent concepts; ends of a continuum.
• B) ends of a continuum; independent concepts.
• C) dependent concepts; independent concepts.
• D) correlated with leadership effectiveness; not correlated with leadership effectiveness.
• E) ends of a continuum; central points in a continuum.

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Definitions:

Seasonal Indexes

Quantitative measures that adjust for seasonal variations in data, allowing for more accurate comparison across different time periods.

Centered Moving Averages

A type of moving average that smoothes out short-term fluctuations in a time series dataset by averaging a subset of terms at a time, centered around each point in the series.

Quarterly

Pertaining to a period of three months or occurring four times a year.

Forecasted Value

An estimate of what a variable's value will be at a future point in time, based on patterns observed in past data.