In 1997,ancient DNA Was Extracted from One of the Neandertal

question 24

Multiple Choice

In 1997,ancient DNA was extracted from one of the Neandertal bones originally found in Germany's Neandertal Valley in 1856.This was the first time the DNA of a premodern human had been recovered.When comparing this DNA with that of modern humans,the researchers found

• A) 27 differences between the two, many more than would be expected in closely related humans, suggesting that there may have been little interbreeding between Neandertals and the direct ancestors to modern humans.
• B) only 5 to 8 differences between the two, as is typical of closely related humans, placing Neandertals within modern humans' direct line of descent.
• C) many more mutations in the Neandertal DNA, suggesting the species had been around 100,000 years longer than previously estimated.
• D) no differences, since Neandertals and modern humans are the same species.
• E) that the two samples were not comparable, since the Neandertal DNA was molecularly different from the DNA of the reference sample.

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Definitions:

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Pharmacodynamics

The study of how drugs affect the body, including mechanisms of action, relationships between drug concentration and effect, and side effects.

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The ways in which the human body reacts to stimuli, injuries, or infections, often involving the immune system, hormones, and physical changes.

Pharmacology

The branch of medicine concerned with the study of drug action and how medicines affect the body and how the body responds.