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"Closed-loop" production seeks to integrate what is presently waste, back into production. In an ideal situation, the waste of one firm becomes the resource of another, and such synergies can create eco-industrial parks. This principle is often referred to as:
Corrective Tax
A tax designed to correct market outcomes by accounting for externalities, encouraging more efficient allocation of resources.
Variable Toll
A pricing strategy that adjusts toll amounts based on current traffic conditions, often used to manage congestion on roads.
Congested
Describes a state of overcrowding or overloading, often used in the context of traffic, networks, or systems running at or beyond capacity.
Common Resource
A resource like air or water that is not owned by anyone, cannot be easily limited to specific users, and is available for everyone to use, which might lead to overuse and depletion.
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