A Government Reported Expenditures for Infrastructure as Follows: $18 Million

question 13

Multiple Choice

A government reported expenditures for infrastructure as follows: $18 million for improvements and additions; $20 million to extend the life of existing infrastructure; $16 million for general repairs.The cost of its infrastructure,excluding land,is $750 million,and the infrastructure has an estimated life of 50 years,on average.Which of the following would be the reported expense (in millions) under each of the following options?

• A) Depreciation Approach: $15; Modified Approach: $36
• B) Depreciation Approach: $15; Modified Approach: $31
• C) Depreciation Approach: $31; Modified Approach: $31
• D) Depreciation Approach: $31; Modified Approach: $36

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Definitions:

Primary Reinforcers

Fundamental stimuli that satisfy biological needs, such as food, water, and warmth, which are innately satisfying without prior learning.

Secondary Reinforcers

Stimuli that do not innately satisfy a need but acquire reinforcing qualities through association with primary reinforcers.

Construct

An abstract concept or a theoretical variable that is intentionally created to understand and explain behavior or phenomena in psychology.

Schema

Cognitive frameworks or concepts that help individuals organize and interpret information, based on their experiences and prior knowledge.