What Is a Hacker

question 33

Multiple Choice

What is a hacker?

• A) A special class of adware that collects data about the user and transmits it over the Internet without the user's knowledge or permission
• B) Experts in technology who use their knowledge to break into computers and computer networks, either for profit or just motivated by the challenge
• C) A computer attack where an attacker accesses a wireless computer network, intercepts data, uses network services, and/or sends attack instructions without entering the office or organization that owns the network
• D) Software that while purporting to serve some useful function and often fulfilling that function also allows Internet advertisers to display advertisements without the consent of the computer user

Understand the process and significance of planned organizational change, including Lewin's model.

Appreciate the balance between top-down and bottom-up approaches for effective and enduring change leadership.

Recognize the strategies for implementing change, including force-coercion and political maneuvering.

Understand Lewin's model for planned change and its phases.

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Definitions:

Optimal Output Rule

The principle that profit is maximized by producing the quantity of output at which the marginal revenue of the last unit produced is equal to its marginal cost.

Marginal Revenue

The additional income earned by a company from selling one more unit of a good or service, reflecting the benefit of increased production.

Marginal Cost

The boost in expense for crafting one more unit of a product or service.

Profits

The financial gain realized when the revenue earned from economic activities exceeds the expenses, costs, and taxes associated with sustaining the activity.