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Relative purchasing power parity occurs when
Negative Punishment
The removal of a stimulus to decrease the probability that a behavior will recur.
Positive Punishment
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease the probability of a behavior's occurrence.
Negative Reinforcement
involves the removal of an unfavorable event or outcome after the display of a behavior, which in turn increases the likelihood of that behavior in the future.
Positive Reinforcement
The addition of a stimulus to increase the probability that a behavior will be repeated.
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