_____ Is the Flow of Information Both Up and Down

question 44

Multiple Choice

_____ is the flow of information both up and down the chain of command.

• A) Horizontal communication
• B) Informal communication
• C) Vertical communication
• D) Grapevine communication

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Definitions:

Measured Variable

A variable in research that is quantified or measured directly by the researcher, as opposed to being manipulated or controlled.

Independent Variable

In a study, the factor that is intentionally altered to determine its impact on the outcome variable.

Dependent Variable

In an experimental setup, the variable being tested and measured, expected to change as a result of manipulations to the independent variable.

Variability

The degree of spread or dispersion within a set of data points or values, reflecting how much the data points differ from each other.