Discuss Some Cultural Problems and Technical Difficulties in Collecting Primary

question 24

Essay

Discuss some cultural problems and technical difficulties in collecting primary data abroad.

Understand the core differences between leadership and management.

Recognize the factors that contribute to leadership emergence and effectiveness.

Identify the characteristics and behaviors of effective leaders.

Understand the theories of leadership, including situational, trait, and transformational leadership.

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Definitions:

Crowd Behavior

The way in which individuals in a crowd act and react as part of a larger group, often differing from their individual behavior.

Emergent-Norm Theory

A theoretical framework suggesting that in crowd situations, new norms emerge which guide individual behavior, contradicting traditional norms.

Le Bon's Theory

A psychological theory proposed by Gustave Le Bon that explains how an individual in a crowd can lose self-control and become anonymous, leading to behavior that is emotional, irrational, and contagious.

Convergence Theory

A theory suggesting that crowd behavior is not irrational but an expression of the general beliefs and values of the individuals in the crowd.