Information Distortion or Loss of Message Content Is a Major

question 106

Multiple Choice

Information distortion or loss of message content is a major problem with:

• A) upward communication.
• B) formal communication.
• C) downward communication.
• D) informal communication.
• E) horizontal communication.

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Definitions:

Pluralistic Ignorance

A situation where a majority of group members privately reject a norm, but incorrectly assume that most others accept it, leading to a disconnect between beliefs and behaviors.

Social Responsibility Norm

A societal rule that people should help those who need assistance, without regard to future exchanges.

Dispositional Attributions

The tendency to attribute someone's behavior to their internal qualities or personality traits rather than to external factors.

Situational Attributions

The process of attributing behavior to external factors in the environment or situation, rather than to internal personality traits.