Suppose That Firms a and B Each Produce High-Resolution Computer

question 92

Multiple Choice

Suppose that Firms A and B each produce high-resolution computer monitors,but Firm A can do so at a lower cost.Cassie and David each want to purchase a high-resolution computer monitor,but David is willing to pay more than Cassie.If Firm A produces a monitor that Cassie buys but David does not,then the market outcome illustrates which of the following principles?
(i)
Free markets allocate the supply of goods to the buyers who value them most highly,as measured by their willingness to pay.
(ii)
Free markets allocate the demand for goods to the sellers who can produce them at the least cost.

• A)(i)only
• B)(ii)only
• C)both (i)and (ii)
• D)neither (i)nor (ii)

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Definitions:

Oligopolists

Firms that are part of an oligopoly, a market structure with a small number of firms dominating the market, leading to limited competition.

Inverted-U Theory

A theoretical concept suggesting that a variable's effect on a particular outcome increases to a point but then begins to decrease as the variable continues to increase.

Market Structures

The organizational and other characteristics of a market that significantly affect the nature of competition and pricing within that market.

Retained Earnings

The portion of net income that is kept by the company instead of being paid out as dividends to its shareholders.